Quadrant hinge foe



U 'TED STATES PATENTI OFFICE,

EBENEZER BARROWS, OF BOSTON, MASSAGlvIUSET'lS.`

etminimaux.4 HINGE Foa s'rovEs.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 366, dated .August 31, 1837.

T0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, the undersigned, EBnNiizEr. BARRows, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, manufacturer, and a. citizen' of the United States of America, have invented a new and useful Substitute Vfor a Hinge for Falling-Doors, Leaves, and Dampers, which I denominate the Quadrant hinge;7 and of which the following is a true, full, and exact description.

The object of this improvement is to supply a substitute for a comino-n hinge, that will be simple and cheap, strong and durable, and that may be cast vin one piece with the door or leaf, and may serve asa table or platform when opened. The invention applies particularly to the doors of cooking and other stoves ovens and furnaces and when it is opened by letting down, it may serve as a platform or table to be used in this position for cooking or heating. In the j -t'lie quadrant will move freely in the morfirst place to support the door at the bottom, a ledge, flanch or one, two or more pro j ections, are cast upon or attached and fixed to the lower side the door space, a little below its edge for the door or leaf to rest upon, and be supported by. The door being closed may be fastened by a latch, button catch, or other contrivance at the top or sides. To keep the leaf in place when open or shut, or when opening or shutting, and to support it when let down, that is, to serve all the purposes of a common hinge and the additional purpose of a leg or prop, the inventor makes use of 'the following contrivance. A vertical mortise or slit is made on each side of the door-space near the bottom, one, two, or three inches more or less in vertical length, and an eighth, quarter or half an inch, or an inch, more or less in horizontal breadth, extending to or a little below the line of the bottom of the doorspace, and at a sufficient distance from the side of the door-space to leave a suiiicient strength of material between the mortise and the edge. The mortise may be carried farther ofi' from the edge so as to leave any space the constructor may choose between it and 4the side-edge of the door-space. Or in stead of such a mortise, a space, equal to the mortise or opening.

dimensions of the mortise, and corresponding to it, as above described, may be cut l out or made in the stove plate on each side j of the door space, at the bottom part, for an inch, or for two or three inches more or less',

laccording to the size of the door or kind of material, so that, the door beingremoved the door-space will appear wider an inch, or

3 two or three inches, more or less in'height! at the bottom, by an eighth, or half an inch.,

o r an inch more or less on each side, than it is above the height.

a projection resembling somewhat the form of a quadrant, one Vof the straight sides of which is attached to'and cast'upon, and with, the door of leaf, the other straight? side or edge standing perpendicularly, or nearly perpendicularly, to the plane of the 1 door or leaf: the straight side to be of about the length of the mortise or opening onthe so that this part of th-e quadrant, when the leaf lies horizontally, may project through the mortise a little beyond the inner surface of the stove plate, and when the leaf is raised to close the same, the circular edge of tise or opening, and lill it in any position;

near to or in contact with the top of the At the angle of the straight and circular or curved edge of this quadrant; at the greatest distance from the door plate, is a projection or shoulder standing up from the circular edge, the back edge of this projection being a straight orv curved continuation of the lstraight edge of `the quadrant. This projection is of the saine thickness as therest of the quadrant. This projection may standup half of an inch more or less, or it may measure a half of an inch more or less in a line parallel to the `plane of the door or lea f-plate, or it may be curved or rounded so as to come to an angle at the top so as to make the transverse liorizontal sections of this projection in this position of various dimensions. v The dimensions in these respects are to Vloe governed by the strength of the material and amount of weight to be sustained or degree of force to be resisted by the projection.

The leaf being put at its position when half open, the quadrant at each end will easily pass into the mortise or space or jogs on the sides 0f the door-space, and the leaf On theY inner side of thef'door or leaf is cast,

`sides of the door-space already described,r

`the circular edge passing in every position being placed upon its supports may be let down to a horizontal position, or any other position which it is calculated to rest in, when the projection (being in this position the upper projection) on the quardant coming in contact with the inner surface of the stove plate, directly over the mortise or jog, will stay and support the leaf in that position. The part of or rather supplement to the quadrant, which projects within the stove, when the leaf lies horizontally, must be so constructed as to admit of the free motion of the leaf, and in such manner that when the leaf is raised and stands perpendicularly, and is fastened at the top, this part of the quadrant, projecting in this position below the horizontal plane drawn through the line of the lower edge of the door, shall, at its front edge in this position, fit to the inner surface of the stove, and so holdjthe door or leaf close to the stove plate, and cause it to shut fairly.

Supposing the leaf to rest and be'stayed horizontally by the stay or projection in a direction perpendicular to the door plate,

Y then the part of, the structure occupying the angle of the door plate in this position and the stove plate, will of course be a quadrant, and the structure will be extended on the posterior part horizontally a sufficient distance to pass through the stove plate, and hold upon it, by means of its upward projection above described. If the door be intended to rest in a differentposi-` tion the ligure of the structure will vary accordingly, that is, its curved edge between the door plate and the upward projecting stay, will be more or less than a quadrant of a circle, or exactly such a quadrant. The structure may evidently be altered in form, still retaining its principles and use as above described, but any such formal modification the inventor deems to be comprehended within his improvement, and his patentable right. The above description with such modifications as will be obvious will be equally applicable to an oven-door, or furnace-door or damper, or any other door.

The inventor refers to the annexed drawing in explanation and illustration of this parts of the above specification are subject to modications which will be obvious without any particular specification of the same. If, for example, the door is applied to the closing of a vertical flue, in which the door will rest horizontally to close the flue, the door or leaf will be supported in that position by resting on its frame on side-pieces, Land not by the bearing of the projecting part of the hinge, as it may be where the door lies horizontally when opened. So one hinge may serve for a door, instead of two, in many cases, by placing the hinge at one `edge in the middle of the leaf, instead of putting a hinge at each side or end, and the lnortise for the hinge will in such case be in the lower part of the stove-plate, surrounding the door-way; that is, under the doorway; and so it may be if Vthe door-way be in an oblique position; and in case of a horizontal door or damper to close a vertical flue or opening, the hinge may move in a mortise in a plate standing vertically, or at right angles with the frame or side pieces of the door or damper, and in such case the door or damper may be opened and closed by taking hold of Vthe projecting part of the hinge, that stands out in front of this vertiycal plate, through which the hinge projects and in which .the hinge-mortise is made. The inventor deems it unnecessary to specify all the modifications of his invention arising from the different forms and positions of the door-way.

The undersigned claims as his invention and the subject of a patent The contrivance or structure above described as resembling the quadrant, somewhat in form, applied to the purpose above described. He also claims as his invention and the subject of a patent, the iinprovement, whereby this hinge is cast in one piece with the door leaf or damper requiring only a mortise or jog in the doorframe or damperframe to complete the hanging of the door-leaf or damper. He also claims as his invention and the subject of a patent, the combination of the above description of hinge with the improvement of casting it in one piece with the door leaf or damper.Y j

`In witness whereof I hereto subscribe my Vname this 13th day of July A. D. 1837.

EBENEZER BARROVS.

Witnesses GEO. MOREY, WILLARD PHILLIPS. 

